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You can include almost anything
you want. Text, photographs, PDF & HTML files, voice-overs & music
or other audio files are no problem. MPEG1 video at 10 megabytes/minute
(meaning a ten minute video occupies around 100Mb of disc space)
is feasible on CD or DVD & even streaming media can be used
via a network or internet connection. You can link to websites
and animation, 3D graphics and interactivity are all possible.
With all these available, there is a danger of producing a technological
showcase rather than an effective training piece.
The main point is the same regardless of the medium used; Content
is king. It isn't so much "What can you include?" but "What should you include?"
Choosing the content, its structure & the interactivity involved
is a complex matter & it needs to start from a consideration
of the the learner and the business objectives. Get it right & the
objectives are met & the learners will enjoy the experience.
Get it wrong & no-one will be happy.
Many of the same 'rules' of learning
design apply to e-learning, just as they do to any educational
venture. Even though an e-learning product may be used by a wide
group of
people from different backgrounds and with different educational
abilities, it's important to have a 'target group' in mind. Defining
the background, education, current competency and expectations
of this
target group will help to focus the designer on the most appropriate
methods and so forth.
Some other key points:
There is a danger with computer based material that graphics
or effects will be included for their own sakes. If these are over-used
they can be very distracting.
Music can enhance a production but where it is intrusive
or used throughout, it can lessen the impact of the main material.
In the classroom, a trainer will very rarely do anything for more
than about twenty minutes without a significant change of pace,
media or method. In computer based instruction, the same requirement
for variety should be considered but on a shorter timescale.
The advice given to would-be presenters remains true for e-learning
- "Tell
them what you're going to tell them" "Tell them" "Tell
them what you've told them"
It's important to quickly establish why the user needs the information
- what's in it for them and make sure that this is made clear to
them
A useful
method of deciding which material to cover is to divide it into
"What
MUST be covered" "What SHOULD be covered" and "What
COULD be covered"
The objectives need to be formulated in terms of what the user
will be able to do at the end of the training, to what standard
and under what conditions
These are just a few of the issues that can help to decide on the content
and structure of a piece.
Another useful way of thinking about content is
to try to analyse how you want the end-product to be used. Is it a 'one-shot'
piece or do you want people
to refer to the material over a longer period of time?
A one-shot product needs to be of the moment and can be self-contained, whereas
a product that you want people to use over time might best be implemented by
having links to your intranet which holds material that can be updated as required.
Some customers have found that by including some of their operational forms & procedures
in training pieces the training stops being a 'one-hit' wonder and becomes
a useful reference. Employees can refer to a training piece when they like,
print-off forms and revisit explanations when necessary.
At T4B, we start with the learner & the objectives. We build in
media where it is necessary, not just because it's pretty. Above
all, we are dedicated to learning solutions that deliver operational
objectives - and
we're just as happy to produce a training video for use on a traditional
course as we are to develop stand-alone content.
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